Why non-standard cutting tools are important for cutting

 Non customized tools mainly address two issues: size and surface roughness

（1） Size issues

You can choose a standard tool with a size similar to what you need and solve it by regrinding, but two points need to be noted:

1. If the size difference is too large, the groove shape of the tool will change, directly affecting the chip removal space and geometric angle, so the size difference is not less than 2mm.

2. If it is a cutting machine without a cutting hole, it cannot be done with a regular machine tool, and a specialized 5-axis connecting rod needs to be used to do it. The cost of changing machine tool grinding is also high.

（2） Surface roughness issues

This can be achieved by changing the geometric angle of the blades. For example, increasing the front and rear corners can significantly improve the surface roughness of the workpiece. However, if the user's machine tool is not rigid enough, the cutting edge will become blunt and the surface roughness can be improved. This is very complex and requires analysis of the treatment plant before reaching any conclusions.

 The tools that need to be customized mainly address three issues: special shape, special strength and hardness, special tip tolerance, and tip removal requirements

（1） The workpiece has special shape requirements

For example, the cutting tools required for processing may be elongated, the end teeth may be inverted, and there may also be special cone angle requirements, handle structure requirements, and blade length size control. If the geometric requirements of this tool are not very complex, it is actually easy to solve. The only thing to note is that non-standard tools are more difficult to handle. Pursuing high precision means high costs and risks, which can cause unnecessary waste to manufacturers' production capacity and their own costs.

（2） The strength and hardness of the workpiece

When the workpiece is overheated, the common tool material for machining is too strong or hard, or tool wear is serious. It requires special requirements for the material of the tool to be transferred. A common solution is to choose high-end tool materials, such as high-speed steel tools containing high hardness cobalt for cutting quenched and tempered workpieces, and high-quality hard alloys. Machine replaces grinding. Of course, it can also be very special. For example, when processing aluminum parts, it may not match the type of commercially available hard alloy cutting tools. Aluminum parts are generally relatively soft, but they can be said to be easy to process. The material used for hard tools is actually an aluminum high-speed steel. Although this material is harder than ordinary high-speed steel, it will cause affinity of aluminum element and increase tool wear when machining aluminum parts. At this point, if you want to achieve high efficiency, you can choose cobalt high-speed steel instead.

（3） Workpieces have special requirements for blade tolerances and blade disassembly

In this case, a smaller number of teeth and deeper tooth tip grooves must be used, but this design can be used for mechanically simple materials such as aluminum alloy.

In the design and processing of non-standard cutting tools, the geometric shape of the tool is relatively complex, and bending deformation, deformation, and local stress concentration are prone to occur during the heat treatment process, which must be avoided during design. For parts with concentrated stress, add diagonal transitions or stepped designs for parts with significant diameter changes.

If it is a slender piece with relatively large length and diameter, it needs to be checked and straightened after each fire extinguishing and tempering to control deformation and loss during the heat treatment process. The material of the cutting tool is relatively brittle, especially the hard alloy material. If there is high vibration or machining torque during processing, it will damage the cutting tool. If it breaks, the tool can be replaced, but in many cases it will not cause significant damage. However, when dealing with non-standard tools, the possibility of replacement is high, so once the tool breaks, it will cause significant losses. Users, including a series of issues such as causing delays.